A hysterosalpingogram (HSG) is an X-ray examination of the uterus and fallopian tubes. You will be placed in a position similar to that of a gynecological exam. The radiologist will insert a speculum then clean off your cervix with a sterile solution. The radiologist will then place a small catheter (a thin, flexible tube) into your cervical canal and inject a contrast medium or dye so that he or she can see the uterus and fallopian tubes on film. The radiologist will watch the contrast flow through your uterus and fallopian tubes on a monitor. At intervals, you will be asked to hold your breath, to exhale, or to change your position so that images may be taken. You may experience discomfort or cramping with the injection of the contrast.